2. Measurement Process Characterization
2.5. Uncertainty analysis
2.5.5. Propagation of error considerations

2.5.5.1.

Formulas for functions of one variable

Case: Y=f(X,Z)

Standard deviations of reported values that are functions of a single variable are reproduced from a paper by H. Ku (Ku).

The reported value, Y, is a function of the average of N measurements on a single variable.

Notes	Function of is an average of N measurements	Standard deviation of = standard deviation of X.
Approximation could be seriously in error if n is small--
Not directly derived from the formulas		Note: we need to assume that the original data follow an approximately normal distribution.